Stevens-jonson Syndrome

Stevens-jonson Syndrome:
Is a state of the most natural sensitivityInfect the skin and mucous membrane
Affects about one million people a year in the worldWhy: injury Pfyrus like Verwi flu or herpes, Epstein bar or what resembleOr reaction (sensitivity) of the drug, such as penicillin or ibuprofen or barbiturates and otherOr malignant disease such as cancer of the lymphOr the reasons we do not know _ in half of the patients _
Treatment: discontinue offTreatment of the treatment of burnsGiving intravenous fluidsOral sedatives for pain and wash mouth ulcersGive الكورتزون to mitigate the severity of the reaction of the body
Prediction: in the case of less than 10 percent of the body: the mortality rate of 5 percent
Anything from history: the name of the disease is taken from the U.S. pediatrician Dr. Frank Chambliss Johnson and Dr. Albert Mason Stevens(CCA) and a description of the disease in 1922.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis(TEN), or known as Lyell's syndrome:
Is the body's reaction to certain medicationsSeparated the top layer of the skin any skin layer below any dermis every body
Reason: much above normal reaction to certain medications such as anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; some Almadrrat or الكورتزون or anti-virus or anti-epilepticOr from Pfyrus injury Or transfer of bone marrow or organ transplants
Symptoms: in the body, especially the mouth and eyesLike symptoms inflammation of the upper respiratory ducts for a week or twoThen the rash appears in a great location of the body reddened and hot and painful and it becomes possible separation of the skin from the skinMouth it becomes painful ulcers and can not be infected with eating should be given food Besondh to stomachEyes swell and them Takecrat and ulcers
Diagnosis: of events and sometimes must examine a sample of skin under Almkrscop to distinguish from the same symptoms caused by MRSA staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and treatment here is quite different.
Treatment: discontinueTreated if an burnsOr in intensive careGiven food through Alsondh
Then give Pharmaceuticals stopped operations in excess of the normal immune drugs such as cyclosporin, cyclophosphamide
Prediction: because the skin flake patient gallery for all types of bacteria and fungi -> blood poisoning -> death.Patient may develop pneumonia either damage to the lining of the respiratory tract or from bacteria.Death rate is 40 percent (one-third to half of those infected)

 

Must distinguish this disease from other illness that comes with the same symptoms but another reason is injury and the fact that the bacteria treated differently is:

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, SSSS, also known as Pemphigus neonatorum or Ritter's disease, Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, SSSS, also known as Pemphigus neonatorum or Ritter's disease,
Here the reason is bacteria:

Staphylococcus aureus.

He / Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, SSSS, also known as Pemphigus neonatorum or Ritter's disease, is a dermatological condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

 

Effectiveness in medicine dermatologist:
Title is a bit complicatedBut the issue of spectrumI'll tell you some things about medicine prescribed for skin injuries
To know how much you know until now about skin I will ask you this question Then answer it before you read the answer:What are the functions of the skin?Do What is the name of skin cells and how the type of cell found in the skin?Is the skin cells secrete fatty layer or not?Let's remember .....
Well: the answers:The functions of the skin: protection and isolation and sensitivity, heat regulation and secretion and .....Skin of 3 layers: the epidermis and dermis and subcutaneous layerEpidermal layer is composed of skin cells known Bal KERATINOCYTES and there is a kind of cells secrete melanin name Milansaat and there cell UFO defensive eat and offered to other immune cells and its name Cell Ankerhans.Under the skin there dermis cells which may be few but rich in connective tissue or connective call (from the word features) and which Allvaaroblast cells and collagen and elastin fibers and small blood vessels and hair bulb and sebaceous gland which opens the hair bulb and sweat glands
And which I want to say now is that cells skin ensue over each such as construction Almrsos, are interdependent and communication between cells by Levers small between cells and cells secrete a fatty substance covering the surface of the skin so that this layer with the fat which is produced by the sebaceous gland with the surface layer of cells in the skin becomes protective layer over the skin prevents water and Aharathim of entering the skin and also prevents evaporation from the skin

 

 

 

 

Aljldsrtan cancer skin is divided into three main types

Aljldsrtan cancer skin is divided into three main types:Basal cell carcinoma of the skinSquamous cell carcinoma of the skinCancer colored cells in the skin
Basal cell carcinoma of the skin basal cell carcinoma: is most common skin cancers in the world.Causes: Continuous exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays, age, genetics, certain types of skin, as well as affect more men than among women.
This cancer is divided according to the form of the cancer cells.With this cancer is most common skin cancers in the world, but if caught early and eradicated the high healing because it is slow growth and rarely spreads to other parts of the body with it can cause distortion in the place in which it grows.
The largest factor in the incidence of this cancer is too much exposure to sunlight Faiser this cancer on parts of the skin exposed to the sun such as the face, neck and ear, shoulder and scalp and back, but he does not get in the palm of the hand and soles of the feet or in the mucous membranes. It becomes in people whose work requires time for a long time in the sun, such as construction workers and guards. As well as light-skinned at a greater risk of skin dark.
How is a form of cancer:Cancer may resemble other skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis and skin diseases expert can distinguish between them.Symptoms are:Open sore: bleed and crust consists above and remain open to Assapba.Place red skin: usually on Alsdrao back, arm or leg. And sometimes flake or hurt.Pill: be pink or red or light-colored, possible to be black or brown and hard to distinguish them from a mole.Place a little high and folding its borders to the outside.Place like Scar: color white or yellow or waxy and the place looks shiny and tense
Treatment: surgically eradicatedEradication freezeAnti-cancer drugs topically or in the whole bodyRadiotherapyLaser treatmentPhototherapyAnd divided by the form of fabric Screened in the laboratory:Type spreads flat we see clusters of cells under the skin.Type likable and here are large groups of cells have no clear boundaries differ from normal tissue
Also examines fabric المستاصل: Are the edges tumor-free tissue? Location of the tumor? The size of the tumor?How to grow up?

 

Squamous cell carcinoma:It consists in cancer squamous cells which are most of the top layer of skin. Which is less prevalent than basal cell cancer, and if caught early and treated, the cure rate is high. But if you did not notice him, the treatment can be difficult and possible to get distorted in place. About 97 percent of cancer cases in one place, and the rest have spread to other organs and is a threat to human life.Reason to happen: too much exposure to the sun. That is why he appears on sun-exposed parts such as the face and neck, etc., and the edge of the ear and the lower lip are more vulnerable than others to this cancer.Other reasons: if the skin has been harmed by burning, or ulcers that remained for a long time without Tchavy, scars, places that were exposed to X-rays in the past or to chemicals such as Alarsenk and petroleum products), as well as chronic inflammation in the skin or diseases which weaken the immune system such as Alajdzaw patients receiving chemotherapy.Sometimes appears on healthy skin cancer did not get his problems here said that genetics is the causative agent. As well as some types of skin such as fair skin will be at a greater risk.How do we know that cancer:The place of the skin is thick and strong texture, is not high. Then possible to turn into an ulcer. Vtkon ulcers their edges and high surface where the crust and grainy base. Therefore any ulcer did not heal for a long time should we doubt this cancer Valsrtan possible lead to chronic ulcers or chronic ulcer that may turn into cancer.Forms of this cancer:Grain such as Alvalol crust and bleeding.Place in the skin form is a regular red scaly sometimes bleedUlcer Mafqatouhh bleed and crust and stay for weeks
The best way to treat the cancer is detected early, and then it will be healing high, God Almighty. But if treatment is delayed the cancer grows and enters in the deep tissues such as cartilage, bone, and be resistant to treatment and deformation.Cancer that has the ability to Alancharakther other is shown on the lip and nose and ear or in humans weakened immunity.Treatment: by location, size and type, the patient's desire and is it the first time or frequently appears,For example, would prefer not to face treatment leaves a big impact.

 

Cancer cells colored Melanoma:Is the most dangerous cancer gets to the skin, and if caught early high percentage of healing, God willing, but the delay in treatment is possible to leave for the opportunity to spread the cancer to other parts of the body and be cured difficult.Cancer occurs in the cells of the skin colored melanocytes, the cells that produce the skin pigment melanin and melanin our skin discoloration and we felt our eyes.While it is less frequent skin cancer, but most of them aggressive and cause more mortality rate. It comes brown or black mostly but sometimes have a pink color, red or purple or white or blue or skin colored.Factor that causes the cancer is genetics, exposure to the sun, and the presence of many moles in the body, light-skinned, of the same cancer earlier in humans, weakened immunity.Genetics task and people who have the ability to work of the cancer as possible to see a change in one of the moles in their body and more times where this happens is when adolescence and pregnancy Some doctors recommend these people snapped hormonal therapy as prophylaxis for example pill.Cancer comes in mostly teen and more but possible to occur in children, these families must follow the periodic inspection at the doctor from childhood.
To examine a mole and look at her on the basis of ABCDE:A: AsymmetryIf I gave up a line cut into halves, the mole halves are similarB: BorderTheir edges are similar and irregularC: ColorIf multicolored van danger signDiameterIf more than half a centimeterE: EvolvingAny change in the size or shape or color or height or other prescription or any new change, for example, bleeding, itching or crust

 

 

 

 

verruca filiformis and condylomata acuminata

verruca filiformis:

Are Valolh long like a thread on a small base becomes mostly on the face and neck
They get in the older ages of ages that become other types of Alvalol
Treatment:
Eradicated
Or processed like other kinds of Alvalol

 

condylomata acuminata:



(This patient infected with AIDS any HIV and therefore this size)

Is a grain of color red and pink to brown in color and become private mucous membranes of the mouth and genital area and area director, or in a place that is located between the mucous membrane and skin.
They appear after infection Balvyrus HPV month to 8 months but sometimes 3 years.
Show with a skin infection other symptoms such as inflammation of the urethra and secretions and inflammation seat
The beads become bigger, such as cauliflower and usually do not cause pain.

Finally:
The virus, which we talked about HPV consists of types meaning it is like family
Type No. 6 and 11 has to do with Balvalol
There are types of HPV cause BOWENOID PAPULOSIS considered benign.
Type 16 and 33 has to do with cervical cancer because it works changes in cervical cells.
Treatment: laser or freezing electricity and attention to address the couple.

 

verruca plana

verruca plana:

Grain is flat smooth round or polygonal shape slightly raised from the rest of the skin. Color skin color to yellow brown 1.5 mm in diameter and become mostly on the face and on the back of the hand and leg.
Become the children more than others, but less than other types of Alvalol.
They disappear more often than not from itself.
Treatment:
Vitamin A ointment, 5% 5 - fluoro - uracil.
Or like Alvalol in hand.

verruca plantaris

verruca plantaris

Verruca plantaris (plantar warts) on the sole of the foot.

Here shows Valol in the sole of the foot and is caused by a type of virus types HPV

The place who Balvyrus does not rise above the surrounding skin often be surface thick
Possible be small Alvalol but possible spread in the soles of the feet
Sometimes difficult that we distinguish from thickening in the skin of the foot called (nail foot) and especially that Alvalol and nail foot possible cause Alma when the walking and standing. Possible said Nmeshma that take a small piece off of the skin from the surface of caution in the case of injury Alvalol will come out blood but in the case of nail foot there will be blood.
To avoid human that his back injury it should pay attention to avoid sweating too much in the shoe.

Treatment:
1 - Dimensions of rigid place with caution.
2 - 40-60% salicylic acid in Alvasalyn: put him on the injury with attention not to put it on the surrounding skin and protect the surrounding skin
3 - possible addressed, such as Valol hand.

verruca vulgaris

verruca vulgaris:

Caused by types of HPV virus
Called injury Alvalol, a strong grain of the skin texture color skin color tends to brown, irregular surface curvy Mttkhan. Become injury in children mostly appear in the fingers of the hand on the outer surface of it, but possible that occur anywhere, it heals itself after two years are more than half of the injuries had healed.

Treatment: There are several possible ways to use the rid of Alvalol:
1 - touch Alvalol liquid nitrogen temperature of 195 below zero for several seconds so freeze Alvalolh then fall a few days.
2 - Isalha after numb the area.
3 - Develop special patches containing Alsaleslk acid which are only Alvalol and not on the surrounding skin and help flake Alvalol.

Skin infections due to viruses: 1-Humaan papillomavirus

Skin infections due to viruses:
Either because the virus enters directly into the skin
Or comes from another part of any body through the blood or nerve
Changes in the skin, either because of the virus found in the skin or because of the body's reaction to the presence of the virus in it

Example of viral infections:
human papilloma virus
pock virus
herpes simplex virus

Humaan papillomavirus





Human papilloma virus HPV:
Contracting this virus as possible you can come through contact enters the virus in other human skin
Or by indirectly, for example in sport rooms
He AntiVirus carries DDT that any and is entering human cells and multiply and lead to consist pills on the affected skin. On Mralzimn be human immunity against this virus Vlhma disappear injuries If it happens a second time. If a long time and did not disappear injury might be the human immune system is not strong.

There are types of this virus which caused the following injuries:
verruca vulgaris
verruca plantaris
verruca plana
epidermodysplasia verruciformis
condyloma acuminatum
intra-epidermale neoplasia

 

pseudofolliculitis barbae

pseudofolliculitis barbae:



Infections in the beard area and caused the hair cut when she re-grow it back into her head in the skin and is happening in men who have their hair many twists dark-skinned
The situation is resistant to treatment
If only some of the hairs are working so it could inflicting

You may get complications, especially when dark-skinned backpacker where over the place Asmrara secondary postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Or occur ugly scars keloid.

folliculitis

folliculitis:


Is inflammation around the hair bulb
Caused especially staph. aureus
If Ntrt skin you will see a grain and sometimes pus and inflamed central place in which pus gathered highlights hair and surrounded by red zone.
Possible to happen in any area of the body where hair but mostly occurs in the scalp, face and places where friction with clothing such as top leg
They generally heal without problems
Possible help to inflammation: sweating a lot and contact with substances such as fat and tar and medical plaster

In some species, caused by the bacterium called pseudomonas aeruginosa
It has increased in recent years to happen, especially in people who swim in pools
Here they also becomes itchy eyes and pain in the eyes and throat pain and fatigue and heat and swelling in the contract Mufah in the armpit and these symptoms fade themselves in within ten days

There is another type of inflammation caused by pityrosporum-organism

furuncle

furuncle :

Is a deep inflammation in the hair bulb and the surrounding area Bbeslh HairWhy mostly staph. aureus and that is rare in children and begins Paljdot more closer to adolescence, and then repeated occurrence ..It happens more for men than for womenIf you look at the skin you will see an elevated area reddish and if touched they are hot and painfulTissue death occurs in the place of injury former would receive pusPossible to be fast any events in several days or weeksPossible that the patient gets fever and fatigue, and if there is inflammation in the manner that it is also subject to significant swelling occursIf human health is weak also subject that causes him this inflammation in blood poisoningIt is important to pay attention to the seriousness of this inflammation occurs on the nose or around the nose because the blood coming from the nose goes into a vein cavernous Aljmahma also subject moving cavernous vein inflammation that causes clotting when a situation dangerous to human life.I do not know why such infections occur perhaps skin friction of clothes, for example, be a causePossible that cleanses several places inflammation at the same time in human or time after timeThe bacteria found in inflammation also found in the mouth area directorPay attention to the patient may be he has a weakness in the immune example has diabetes, anemia or malnutrition or disease in the body, but often we do not find a reason to inflammation
Treatment:You have to leave the inflammation to reach full maturity Vifjr pus abroadIt can accelerate this maturity developed a topical ointment of 3 - 10% salicylic acid with petroleum jellyIf the dead tissue remains in place after the outbreak of pus Vazlha cautiously with forceps.If that did not explode pus from the same so you can open up the place.Of danger to open the site of inflammation before it matures inflammation because it may make the bacteria move into the blood bacteremia.Not advisable to use topical antibiotics or mouth unless there was inflammation in the blood or lymph fever or repeated infection or inflammation on the nose or upper lip because of the danger of cavernous vein thrombosis.Antibiotic penicillin (flucloxacilline) or erythromycine
If repeated it difficult to treat infectionsAccording here cefalosporines:

cefuroximaxetil X2 0.5 mg orally for 3 weeks 
+ chloorhexidine nose ointment+ washing with chloorhexidine scrub

paronychia

paronychia :

Is inflammation where it arises Fingernail and mostly caused by Staphylococcus Auris staphylococcus aureus.
The bacteria intervened after injuring place wound or sometimes can not find how entered ..
The place is reddish and painful and swollen.
Possible to get this inflammation as a result of impetigo or vice versa because Knit human skin
In chronic cases, there are several types of bacteria in the fiery place and even fungi such as candida albicans former would receive inflammation, swelling and pain without exit pus from the place that comes to him intervened with bacteria and cause acute inflammation acute.

Treatment:
If Wright superficial inflammation you will see that there is pus and can open ..
If inflammation deep it is better to treat first oral antibiotic, for example fluloxacilline or erythromycine If you do not see Chweoua Fajdr place topically or given anesthesia anesthesia years and open place pus.
In the case of chronic inflammation was given an antibiotic and if it does not go away situation gave antifungal antimycotic.

erysipelas

erysipelas:
 

Is an inflammation of the rapid occurrence in the epidermis and dermis layer of the skinPossible that Ajdt anywhere in the decisiveness and mostly occurs in the lower part of the leg leg and facialBegins sharply and fastSymptoms: be very reddish skin has clear boundaries, swollen and hot and painfulFeel human disease in all of his body starting with high fever, headache and Regurgitation and cold sweats.
This inflammation occurs on most of the face and the bottom of the leg, but possible anywhere in the skin.Caused by streptococcus pyogeneIn a few cases: Staphylococcus aureus or Haemophilis influenzai.Place entry may see, for example, wound on the leg or between the fingers or a sore leg or heel but sometimes can not be found
This inflammation repeats itself more than once in human
Possible cause more than just skin inflammation: ALKYLATION inflammation and pus under the skin and whole blood poisoningIt causes swelling of lymph in the region and this makes the inflammation returns after his recovery, and so you get a vicious circle: inflammation _ swelling _ _ swelling and inflammation soOther complications include: myocarditis, pneumonia, thrombosis in one of the blood vessels, especially in the face (cavernous vein thrombosis - see anatomy lessons).Laboratory: increase the speed of deposition of red blood cells, increasing the number of white cells in the blood.Diagnosis: the form of the disease and the entry of the bacterium transplant if possible.
Treatment:If in the face: No chewing or talkingRaise infected Almenktqh to topCool compressesPossible kill bacteria oral penicillin:500 mg four times a day from the feneticilline mouth standing seven days.Or 4 times a day injecting Anceljn.If there allergic to penicillin:ارثرومايسين.Leg must wrap the leg in case pressure bandages to the swelling disappears.This also relieves the patient and relieves him of the nation. Bhama does not need to stay all the time in bed.If repeated pneumonia several times, we have to give the patient doses of long-acting penicillin muscle every 3 weeks with washing the skin with soap sterile medicalPossible to alter it by giving it a daily oral dose feneticilline 500 mg.If the recovery does not start after two days Vendev FLULOXACILLINE
Q: It says 61-year-old patient complained of swelling in the nose with heat than two weeks.What are you going to do?

Teams disease:
CONTACT ECZEMA: without fever - severe itching - less swellingANGIO OEDEMA: interaction due to pinch an insect: less redness - less heat - no fever - itchSLE: initially not as sharp and there are other symptoms
Teams in the leg:ECZEMA: less heat and pain - more itching - not feverPERIPHLEBITIS: reddish-place along the vein - pain and thickeningDVT: If you have a doubt Vaaml Doppler examinationHYPODERMATITIS WITH CHIRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY: very painful but the patient is not very tired - no fever - if given antibiotics redness disappearsERYTHEMA NODOSUM: on the legsNECROTIC FASCITIS: inflammation of the tissue under the skin SUBCUTANOUS and membrane underneath and the patient comes in like a picture of EERYSIPELAS but he has more pain than expected and after hours you see a zones blue black with bubbles on the skin large and small, this Mmanah death zone and not vacant patient something in area after he felt pain terrible and then moves into the blood and gets deficit in a lot of members in the body and therefore, because the situation dangerous must be reported to the surgeon directly first diagnosed so away whimpering Dead body she gets to the people who are the biggest of 60 years or have diabetes or the overall deficit or malnutrition

(Impetigo vulgaris (impetigo contagiosa:

(Impetigo vulgaris (impetigo contagiosa:
Is an inflammation of the superficial layers of the skin mostly caused by bacteria called Staphylococcus Auris Staphylococcus aureus. , Or Stervtokokas Baeugenz Streptococcus pyogenes. Gets in the age of 2 - 7 years mostly very contagious and is therefore moving to family members and students at the school or see in places where increase Alazham about people with some, such as in the military.Itching leads to the spread of infection.My favorite place for these infections are the face especially around the nose and around the mouth but can be anywhere in the skin in the body.Begins inflammation this germ appears in a bubble does not go unnoticed rights and explode come out of pus yellow Viszew and becomes crust dried yellow sometimes mixed blood FICO n-brown or black, then expanding injury to more and unite places infected and the skin is Mjmra topped crust yellow like wax, was swell lymphocytes in the region and even fever and fatigue.Possible to heal itself in two or three weeksBut if there is an existing skin disease with eczema, lice or scabies, the injury is difficult to heal itself, and we call injury because eczema High School, for example, is the initial infection.Possible that the bacteria of the type that goes to college and cause severe kidney disease, but this does not happen often.Diagnosis: dye Kra, transplants, medical picture of the situation.Numeirh: injury herpes Pferwi, eczema, inflammation of the follicle.Treatment:Cleaning and washing with soap sterile medicalTreated skin with 5% sulfur with zinc اوكسايدOr given acid Fayyosidin fusidic acid three times a day for one week.In the case of injury Babakter Oh that hurt college (a kind of family Stervtokokas Baeugenz) Faihbz use of antibiotics:Antibiotics by mouth is the best treatment of metastatic disease many side but multiples more than topical antibiotics. Flucloxacillin is a medication that's best used and used for seven days (of course choose medicine as bacteria spread and sensitivity to drugs) If the patient has an allergy to Filokluxacelin described to him by the erythromycin but some bacteria resistant to this drug and in addition to it may cause diarrhea and nausea, then choose cephalosporins such as cephalexin.But watch out, because 10% of patients who are sensitive to penicillin are also sensitive to cephalosporins.Transplant bacteria helps to know what is and what bacteria are drugs that can kill.

Skin infections caused by bacteria

Skin infections caused by bacteria:

Streptococcal Skin Infections:
Is a type of bacteria (Cram positive) means that if we Sbgena bacteria Cram dye it Stansbg these colored dye seems under Almkrscop. They multiply chains. They are classified by انزيماتها by decomposition of red blood cells and by vehicles on the surface.

Electron microscope image

These bacteria present in the human mouth and airway Belaovernm and has blood and wounds
They travel through the air a lot of kinds of live peaceful in the human body but sometimes be the reason why:
Pharyngitis and scarlet fever, pneumonia, meningitis inflammation of the lining of the heart dermatitis
Divided into types by their ability to break down and destroy red blood cells, which placed her in transplantation in the laboratory:
Alpha hemolytic streptococci.
Beta-hemolytic streptococci and more divided by the division of Lancefield. Lancefield serotyping divided by the presence of sugar in the bacterial cell wall
Gamma: no hemolysis.

The most important species for medicine are:
the alpha-hemolytic streptococci, S. pneumoniae and Streptococcus Viridans-group, and the beta-hemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A and B (also known as "Group A Strep" and "Group B Strep").



Streptococcus pyogenes:
Is a kind of beta - analyzed blood and is excreted collection of hazardous materials:
erythrogenic toxin, deoxyribonuclease, streptokinases, and hyaluronidase.
And protein (M) is divided into two types:
Rheumatogenic reasoned rheumatic fever
Nephritogenic reasoned acute nephritis

Skin diseases that cause redness of the skin

Skin diseases that cause redness of the skin:
Call redness of the skin Erythema It comes in many diseases
Caused by the expansion of the blood vessels in the skin
If you click on the place redness disappears for a moment
Redness possible to have every body or Mtozaa in places of the body or in one area

Redness remains for a short period in general, if continued for a long time, it is not because of the expansion of the blood vessels but mild inflammation in the blood vessels Vasculitis here seem small points violet color does not disappear if we pressed them, caused by a small bleeding under the skin.
Example of a disease that the redness of the skin:
Sunstroke red and alopecia areata occurs where scaling of the skin.