Explain the anatomy of the liver and its benefits and functions

Explain the anatomy of the liver and its benefits and functions

 

The largest gland in the human body, is located in the upper-right side of the abdominal cavity, below the diaphragm, elliptical, weighs about 2000 grams, red in color gray, with a solid feel, though it is fragile, as quickly destroyed.

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For liver Stahan or two faces:
- Diaphragmatic convex tentacles of the diaphragm- Splanchnic Mnst heading down, right and forward
A - face phrenic
Convex shape, and covered mostly Besvaq abdomen (omentum) and it shows from the front impact impression Summit right and top left of the diaphragm, and there are also two subsidence place over central tendon and heart, as well as a profound impact to the left of the bottom of the gallbladder. The Association works sickle Falci form Ligament divided into two parts: the left and right.
B - surface Ashoa:
A flat or low concavity, بوجد the navel (entrance) of the liver the Porta Hepatis, and is located within the letter H, which consists of longitudinal grooves and occasional. The right end of the letter H is incomplete and consists of bitterness and the inferior vena cava, while the left side consists of the Association Madmlkp extensions (long) and venous Association. And expresses navel liver bile ducts right and left hepatic, and vascular (hepatic artery and hepatic vein). Works grooves Association Madmlkp (long) Teres Ligament Ligament Venosum venous Association to divide this surface into two lobes: left and right. And works letter H longitudinal grooves and horizontal split into four Ovsas:
1 - box lobe Quadrate Lobe and located in front of horizontal groove or groove, and between ASEAN gallbladder Madmlkp, and heading down Albirituan and janitor of the stomach.
2 - caudate lobe or lobe Spiegel Spigel, and is located behind the horizontal groove, and touches Albirituan adjacent to the diaphragm above the aortic valve, and in front of the thoracic aorta, and to the left of the inferior vena cava.
3 - the right lobe, and is located to the right of the groove (groove: longitudinal bitterness and right, and touches the back of the upper limb of the right college, and hepatic forward curvature of the colon
4 - left lobe: located on the left of the left longitudinal groove and sickle Association and appears on the front surface of the concavity effects on the stomach wall, and to the rear, there is a hump, and to the left of them leaves the esophagus sometimes Thelma lightly.
In practice is Alvassan box and Comet (Spiegel) two parts of the left lobe, where the liver becomes divided into two equal parts, namely: the right half and left half, where he found that blood done from the left hepatic artery, and Afrazachma pour in the left channel liver.

 

The liver consists of outside to inside:




1 - serous membrane called Gleeson Glisson solid portfolio and an Expansive, and when the secret liver degrades blood vessels and ducts.
2 - liver tissue, a rubbery texture, and there is no glandular areas, and the only areas that do not contain hepatic tissue, are members of the entrance to the liver
3 - the navel (entrance): contain cellular tissue - greasy, and the blood vessels and nerves and channels, which surrounded Baltherb (abdominal peritoneum)




Microscopic anatomy of the liver:

Composed liver Ovsas itself is composed of lobules small body 1 to 2 mm punctuated fabric Lovejoy, and does not contain very little of the connective tissue that are located where the blood vessels liver and bile ducts, and consists lobules of columns of large cells surrounded by blood, and there are between these retinal cells, special cells - epithelial cells called internal Kupfer Kupffer.
There in the lobules high channels along with liver cells where the combination of biliary fluid, and then unite with each other channels biggest problem at the edge of the lobules, lined fabric epithelial Emadi.
And hepatocellular flat in size from 15 - 20 microns, polygonal, with 6 - 8 draw, and flat faces are in contact with the capillaries twisted, and some of the cells be glued Balqanyat (small channels) bile, bile are called parties of the cell. And are deposited liver cells in the form of platelets with a single layer of cells, and each surface of the cell touches Rite bloody, and face touching channels Biliary, and platelet cell located in parallel, going towards the hepatic vein, above the liver, and separated platelets from each other Bsairat bloody crooked relate these capillaries human barriers on the one hand, and pureed from the other side.


Blood supply to the liver


Unquenchable liver blood from two sources, one arterial carries blood Maxda across the hepatic artery, which is divided into Harianin Qaibdian: left and right at the entrance to the liver. And the other carries venous blood through the portal vein venous which fork is the other hepatic vein and right hepatic vein left at the entrance to the liver, and this venous blood bearing nutrients that have been absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract to the the liver Bastqlabha. He notes the lack of communication between the vessels the right half and left half of the liver, and even within the same half of the liver, the arteries are end arteries do not follow its flight to another member.
And venous blood outside of the liver after reducing it comes out of the liver through the hepatic veins three flowing in the inferior vena cava, and notes here mixing and contact between the veins of the right and left liver. And Itasb sympathetic nerve and liver vagal (X).