Explain the benefits and functions of the Pituitary Gland

Explain the benefits and functions of the Pituitary Gland

Is a small gland size, the size of a chickpea, with a diameter of one centimeter, and weighs half a gram, and are found in a special hole in the bottom of the base of the brain, called the Turkish saddle Sella Turcica because the shape resembles a saddle horse Turkish

It consists of two lobes differ from each other in terms of structure and function, and connect with the hypothalamus Hypothalamus by together pituitary Pituitary Stalk, and associated lobes with each other by middle lobe known as the Isthmus Isthmus, which is a stretch tight like frontal lobe origin and synthesis and function.

And pituitary gland is divided into:


1 - frontal lobe glandular Anterior Pituitary

2 - posterior lobe nervous Posterior Pituitary

3 - Isthmus


Microscopic structure of parts of the pituitary gland

1 - posterior lobe, nervous

It is a hormone store for some hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, it is not self-secreted hormones, but stores hypothalamus hormones then secreted when needed.

And composed mainly of nerve fibers is Nkhaaanah deposited their bodies in the nucleus of the hypothalamus, and spreads between these nerve fibers pituitary cells do not know its function accurately

Lobe is secreted hormones are:

A - antidiuretic hormone urinate ADH and also called vasopressin Vasopressine: This increases hormone permeability of renal tubules of the water, Verechh inside pipe to interstitial fluid high tension, which works to the high concentration of urine inside the pipe and low quantity and therefore less diuresis

B - hormone Alaoxa Tosin Oxytocin has two Tathren:

A B - secretion of milk from the breast to the outside, but has no effect on the composition

B 2 - Alert smooth muscle, especially the uterus the raises Tqlsatha, Vivid in Alasirag the process of birth



2 - the frontal lobe, the glandular

Consists mainly of cells, a little fiber, and three types of cells:

- Loathe to color cells Chromophobes, a lovely pale cytoplasmic

- Love to color cells acidic Chromphils Eosinophils

- Love to color cells basal Chromphils Basophils

Love for the color cells of two types, namely:

- Alpha, alpha cells secrete two hormones:
Growth hormone GH, and milk hormone Prolactin
- Beta, beta cells secrete a range of hormones, namely:
Hormone Exhorter pod F.S.H
Prompter thyroid hormone T.S.H
Hormone Almhloten L.H
Hormone prompter of melanin, colored skin MSH
Hormone adrenocorticotropic prompter ACTH
3 - East lobe (isthmus)
Includes colloidal vesicles similar to those found in the thyroid gland, does not know his exact
 Anatomical location and relationships:






The pituitary gland is located in the Turkish saddle hole in the base of the skull, and to determine its place is the horizontal line of the Forum forward back starts from the base of the nose and walks toward the back, and the vertical line downward from the middle of the top of the head

Separates pituitary cavernous sinus of all aspects of the dura mater membrane Duramatter down Turkish saddle no greatness Corynebacterium Spheniod which include air pocket. Theoretically surrounded by the pituitary gland arachnoid membrane, but in practice this membrane merges with the pia mater membrane Pia Matter on the surface of the pituitary and about Soiktha in interview mode L dura without that unite them.



Top no point visual decussation Optic Chiasma, and, in the case of pituitary gland swelling occur pressure on the nerves be Alabesria thus leading to blindness that disappears demise tumor