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Sunday, December 9, 2012

UPPER MOTOR NEURONS

UPPER MOTOR NEURONS:
Are nerve cells present in the area of ​​motor in cerebral motor region of the cerebral cortex or in the brain stem and carry information of the movement, which is not directly related to muscle but cells other neurological present in the spinal cord called lower motor neurons and the latter is related to muscles and cause contraction and muscle movement.These nerve cells in the brain are large and sometimes larger Alkhlaa neurological ones. They transported directives to other cells that secrete a chemical called Klautamat glutamate and there are areas in the lower neurons receive this article and recognize, these areas called receptor Alklautamat.

Roads Pathways:corticospinal tract package cortical spinal: arise from upper motor neurons and sink to the lower neurons that are located in front of the place article lead in the spinal cord, and their work: is the transfer of a prompt voluntary movement to the parties. As well as control the position of the body reflex.
corticobulbar tract arising from the motor cortex in the brain relate to a number of clusters of nerve cells, which we call core nuclei, which are located in the pons, medulla oblongataMovement directives to control the facial and jaw muscles and swallowing and tongue.
tectospinal tract / colliculospinal tractComes from the red nucleus, to the lower neurons in the spinal cordWorking on that head moves reflex to take the status of human response to what he sees.

rubrospinal tractOf nuclei (a compilation of the nerve cells in the brain) that receive information from the inner earWorking to take rights and status to remain standing in a balanced manner (ie, balance).

reticulospinal tractNetwork configuration reticular formationIt organizes involuntary movements and help balance

--------------------Supreme neuron disease:Infected human weakness in the muscle spasticity and stiffness muscle weakness,And if we examined reflection in the muscles when the strike lightly on tendon, we see that the strong muscle shrinking exaggerated reflexes, clonus and there is an important milestone called Babinski sign.
 
So injured nerve cells in the brain or neurological calamity packages or emerging in the spinal cord called upper motor neuron lesion
An example of this in the case of bleeding in his brain in the region of the capsule interior, a place going through the package descending from the brain to the spinal cord, and thus the injury this package causes paralysis sclerotic in the opposite direction of the body, and the inability to move the parties movements voluntary minute in that direction of the body, and Babinski test positive (which is that if we went through something tapered on the outside edge of the foot rest, the big finger moves to the top and the rest of the fingers do not move to top).

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